How to Manage Garbage in Our School

Trash can be found everywhere, including in our school. Almost in every activity we did, we produced waste. If we don't manage this waste properly, this waste can pollute our school. This week I want to share some suggestion how to manage garbage in our school to make our school healthy and beautiful. Check it out ! :)

Here is some suggestion to reduce waste in our school. Your efforts may provide the additional benefit of saving money as well. Remember, even small changes can make a big difference! :p
- Make double-sided copies whenever possible. This can dramatically reduce your paper usage.
- Instead of making individual copies for everyone, use a routing slip when circulating information to students or teacher, or post notices on a bulletin board. Better yet, an electronic bulletin board.
- Use reusable envelopes for interoffice mail.
- Canteen use reusable utensils instead of disposable packaging.

Now, I want to share how to make compost step by step.
1. Shred and chop.
Shred or chop materials as finely as you can before mixing them into the pile. For example, you can chop fallen leaves by running your lawn mower over them. The same strategy applies to kitchen scraps. "The smaller, the better” is the rule for compost ingredients. 

2. Mix dry browns and wet greens.
The two basic types of ingredients for making compost are those rich in carbon and those rich in nitrogen. Carbon-rich materials, or “dry browns,” include leaves, hay, and straw. Nitrogen-rich materials, or “wet greens,” include kitchen scraps and grass clippings, these work best when used sparsely and mixed in well so they don’t mat down. Your goal is to keep a fair mix of these materials throughout the pile.

From Garbage to Garden

3. Strive for size.
Build the pile at least 3 × 3 × 3 (or 4) feet so materials will heat up and decompose quickly. (Don’t make the pile too much bigger than that, though, or it will be hard to turn.) Unless you have this critical mass of materials, your compost pile can’t really get cooking. Check the pile a couple of days after it is built up, it should be hot in the middle, a sign that your microbial decomposers are working hard.

4. Add water as needed.
Make sure the pile stays moist, but not too wet. (It should feel like a damp sponge.) You may need to add water occasionally. Or, if you live in a very wet climate, you may need to cover the pile with a tarp to keep it from becoming too wet.

5. Keep things moving.
Moving your compost adds air to the mix. You can open up air holes by getting in there with a pitchfork. Even better, shift the entire pile over a few feet, bit by bit, taking care to move what was on the outside to the inside of the new pile. Or consider using a compost tumbler, a container that moves the materials for you when you turn it.

I hope my suggestions can make our school become more clean and healthy. Thank you :D

The World's Largest Book

     The largest book in the world is Klencke Atlas. It is 1.75 metres tall and 1.9 metres wide when open. And this atlas has 11 centimetres thick. It takes six people to carry Klencke Atlas. It is a world atlas and made up of 37 maps on 39 sheets. The maps were intended to be removed and displayed on the wall. The maps are of the continents and assorted European states and it was said to encompass all the geographical knowledge of the time. Dutch Prince John Maurice of Nassau is credited with its creation. Moreover, this atlas contains engravings by artists Blaeu, Hondius and others. It was presented by a consortium of Dutch merchants and led by Professor Johannes Klencke to King Charles II of England in 1660 to mark the occasion of his restoration to the throne.

Klencke Atlas

     Johannes Klencke is the son of a Dutch merchant family. He was born at Amsterdam on 5 March 1620. He was a Dutch teacher in philosophy at the Athenaeum Illustre in Amsterdam. In 1648 he was appointed professor of philosophy at the illustrious school of Amsterdam. He taught physics, metaphysics, logic, ethics and politics.
    
     In 1828 King George III gave the Klencke Atlas to the British Library as part of a larger gift of maps and atlases. In 1950 it was rebound and restored. Today this atlas is held by the Antiquarian Mapping division of the British Library in London. Since 1998 it was displayed at the entrance lobby of the maps reading room. And in April 2010 it was publicly displayed for the first time in 350 years with pages open at an exhibition at the British Library. 

The Smallest Book in The World

The Smallest Book - Teeny Ted from Turnip Town

The smallest book in the world is Teeny Ted from Turnip Town. It was published in 2007 by Robert Chaplin. Robert Chaplin is a Canadian artist and publisher. He was born at January 17, 1968 in Smithers, British Columbia. His practices are carving gem stones, making sculptures, drawing pictures, writing stories, and publishing books. He studied Fine Art at the University of Victoria. He holds the Guinness World Record for publishing the world's smallest book.

Teeny Ted from Turnip Town was produced in Nano Imaging Laboratory at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, with the assistance of SFU scientist Li Yang and Karen Kavanagh. The book's size is 0.07 mm x 0.10 mm. This book was made with nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars, The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars in nanotechnology research. The words of this book are carved into 30 microtablets on a piece of a single crystalline silicon, using a focused gallium ion beam with a minimum diameter of 7 nanometers. A nanometer is about 10 atoms in size. The story of Teeny Ted from Turnip Town was written by Malcolm Douglas Chaplin, is a fable about Teeny Ted's victory in the turnip contest at the annual country fair. The book has been published in a limited edition of 100 copies by the laboratory. To read this book we need a scanning electron microscope.In December 2012, a Library Edition of the book was published with a full title of Teeny Ted from Turnip Town and the Tale of Scale : A Scientific Book of Word Puzzle. On the title page it is refered as the "Large Print Edition of the World's Smallest Book.

The Most Expensive Book

The Codex Leicester

     The Codex Leicester or also known as Codex Hammer is the most expensive book in the world. This book was written by Leonardo da Vinci. The Codex is named after Thomas Coke, later created Earl of Leicester, who purchased it in 1719. Among 30 scientific journals which written by Leonardo, the Codex Leicester be the most famous of all.
     The manuscript doesn't take the form of a single linear script, but a mixture of Leonardo's observations and theories on astronomy. The main topic of Codex Leicester is the movement water. Among other things, Leonardo wrote about the flow of water in rivers and how it is affected by different obstacles put in its way. From his observations he made recommendations about bridge construction and erosion. Beside that topic, the other topics are the explanation why fossils can be found in mountains and about the moon.
     Physically, Codex Leicester takes the form of 18 sheets of paper, which each folded in half and written on both sides. At one time the sheets were bound together, but they are now displayed separately. It was handwritten in Italian by Leonardo, using his characteristic mirror writing and supported by copious drawings and diagrams.
      The Codex Leicester was purchased in 1980 by wealthy industrialist and art collector whose name is Armand Hammer. He attempted to rename Codex Leicester became Codex Hammer. The Codex is put on public display once a year in a different city around the world. In 2000, it was displayed at Sydney's Powerhouse Museum. In 2004, it was displayed in the Chateau de Chambord and in 2005 in Tokyo. From June to August 2001, the Codex was the centerpiece of a two-month exhibition hosted by the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin, Ireland.
      The Codex was sold to Bill Gates by Christie's auction house on 11 November 1994 in New York. Its price was $30,802,500. After Gates bought the Codex, he had its paged scanned into digital image files, some of which were later distributed as screen saver and wallpaper files on a CD-ROM. A comprehensive CD-ROM version (titled Leonardo da Vinci) was released by Corbis in 1997.